Which supports a point I raised in the League’s earlier chat discussion on the Iranian election that I would like to flesh out in more detail.  It comes by way of the analysis of military/insurgency theory of Col. John Boyd and 4th Generation Warfare.  And it leads me to say some paradoxical things–that the Reformers have won and by winning are now in their most vulnerable (but potentially also most successful) moment yet.

Boyd’s central assertion is framed in the famous OODA Loop:  Observe, Orient, Decide, Act.  Boyd’s thesis was that the winning side in a conflict is the one that can both increase the speed of its own OODA looping–i.e. process information faster and more clearly–while at the same time breaking the learning cycle of its enemy.  Each action–done properly–leads to a new cycle of observation, orientation, and decision.

The so-called Twitter Revolution’s primary effectiveness has been its ability so far for the resistance to process the information and decide and act ahead of the response time of the regime.  They have been so far one step ahead.  And Khamenei’s speech today shows that he has become isolated and paralyzed.  He no longer is processing new information because his observational lens is so obscured by his ideological orientation.

Related to Boyd’s theories is the broader school of Fourth Generation Warfare.  The central argument of 4GW (particularly through William Lind’s work) is that victory is achieved through breaking the moral foundations of one’s enemy.  In 3GW victory was achieved by annihilating the enemy through total war.   Think fire bombings in Dresden and Tokyo, atomic bombs in Japan, or the German blitzkrieg.

In 4GW, victory is achieved through breaking the will of the enemy to fight and to have any moral standing left to do so (this played a huge part in the movements for decolonization post WWII).

And here we need to bring back the earlier discussion of Shia theology.  Iran is an Islamic Republic.  Or at least prior from 1979 until this week was.  It no longer is.  Khamenei’s speech has clearly announced for anyone with ears to hear that the Islamic Republic is over and if he is to hold power the country must become a full-on totalitarian regime.

The central myth of Shi’ism and therefore the moral-spiritual foundation of the Islamic Republic comes from the martrydom of Husayn.  Husayn’s martrydom is the central guiding reality of Shia Islam:  to truly practice in its most perfect form is to stand against oppression and to face death.  This is why the reformers have been so shrewd to protest/resist non-violently. It is, in 4GW’s terms, attacking the moral foundation of the regime.

If the Iranian regime cracks down then they will be exposed as the oppressor’s, yet again murdering Husayn.  Their official position as Islamic guardians will be lost as they will re-enact the very evil murder out of which was born (resurrected we might say) Shi’ism. If they do not crack down then everyday the resistance will grow.

If the reformers had undertaken violence then they would have given license/excuse for the regime and lose their own moral high ground.  That they haven’t so far been baited into it, is a sign of the brilliance of their leadership (esp. Mousavi and Kourrabi) and the courage of the people.

For years now (like the later years of the Soviet Union) Iranians have pretended to obey and the rulers have pretended to rule.  This mass social movement has allowed those who have participated in it to feel the force (what Gandhi called the force of Truth) of living bodily in another world.  In a world in which the oppressor’s threats do not bring fear.  They have felt the experience and finally as it were confessed publicly what everyone talked about and knew in secret:  that this was all a sham.

That Rubicon has been passed and there is no turning back once the people have had the taste of that reality.

Elections were the last shred of the Republic in Iran.  And the appearance (if not reality) of intervention in the elections has left the regime exposed as nothing more than the reincarnation of the tyrannical Shah and therefore the undermining of that for which it was created.

Combining Boyd’s OODA Loop and 4GW’s the Reformers have won.  And as I said, now comes the danger.  Having lost, the regime has backed itself into the corner and has no choice but to come violently for its life.  The only question now will be: will the army and police intervene to stop the paramilitaries.

If not, then Khamenei/Ahmadinejad will likely stay in power through the imposition of a complete militarization/violence-ization of society.

If they do, then I believe the regime is very likely to fall.  Or accept some opening that will lead (probably quickly) over time to its dissolution/transformation.

If you would have asked me at the beginning of the week what the odds were I would have said 75% option 1, 25% option 2.  Today I would say 50/50.  But there’s no knowing what the end will be.

Either way, as I said, The Islamic Republic is no more. The Reformers have destroyed it.  What is to come has yet to be determined.  Now comes the crucible.

It seems clear that the protesters have shrewdly as well as sincerely adopted mass peaceful protests are their core weapon, and are coopting the slogans of the original revolution – “Allah O Akbar!” – to make inroads.

I’m not suggesting this was Andrew’s intent, but the co-opting part of that sentence could at the least be misunderstood. I don’t think it’s wrong to call it co-opting so long as that is not (mis)understood rather cynically. As if they were just using the phrase for rhetorical purposes but didn’t actually believe it.  [Again I don't think that's what Andrew meant--just that it could be taken that way].

The phrase Allahu Akbar means “God is great.”  Or more properly “God is Greater.”  It is basically another way of stating the first half of the Islamic confession:  There is no god but GOD.  Al-lah simply means “the God”.  There is no god but THE GOD.  All other gods are idols.

In this sense, Muslim theology has a radically political edge (or can anyway)*.  It can say that the rulers of this earth who crush people underfoot are not in fact the Sovereign of the Universe.  God is greater even than tyranny. This is the trust (the hope) of the people.  It is a smart co-opting yes, it also is a deeply held belief by many, and they also realize that the government can not stop the people from confessing Islam.  It’s a very powerful statement as a result.  It question the legitimacy of the ruling powers on their own terms–on their own self-definition as an Islamic government.

This line of thought has deep roots in Shia theology.  It traces back to the martyrdom of Husayn, grandson of the Prophet (son of Ali).  [Ed: See Update I Below] Ashura, the great festival of Shia faith, remembering Husayn’s murder, was a major rallying point during the 1979 Revolution.  It was a common theme of Khomeni’s sermson–that the Shah was the evil oppressor Yazid come alive again re-murdering the Husayns who stood against him.

So in terms of co-opting, the irony is now that the same religio-political charge is being labeled against the Supreme Leader that was once brought against the Shah.

When the people shout God is Greater, they mean it.  And they aim directly at those who claim (like Khamenei) in the place of God but who do not imparrt justice.

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For more, another post Andrew put up–a religious ruling from Grand Ayatollah Montazeri (read the whole thing) which reads in part:

4- I ask the police and army personals not to “sell their religion”, and beware that receiving orders will not excuse them before god. Recognize the protesting youth as your children. Today censor and cutting telecommunication lines can not hide the truth.

This theo-logic is the same one Archbishop Romero used in his famous plea to the El Salvadorean police and military–hopefully it will be more headed this time in Iran.

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* By this I don’t mean that Islam is inherently a political agenda only.  That’s Islamism–turning a religion into a political ideology masking as a religion. Much less that there is some united worldwide Islamic struggle against the West and modernity.

Islamism is a modern, not traditional, form of Islam.  The classical form of Islam recognizes a differentiation/distinction between the religious role and the political role.  That was the core of Shia Islam in particular from basically its beginnings only until Khomeni radically re-interpreted Shia Islam (I would say misinterpreted but that’s another argument for another day).  In the end, Khomeni’s vision can’t but eventually lead to the mass secularization of Iranian society and politics.  Because as James Madison pointed out having a religious-government equation is not only bad for the government it’s very bad for the religion.  The religion gets saddled with all the horrible choices made by government.  When someone dissents against the government, they automatically become heretics and will eventually push for a more personal form of religious understanding.  See G.A. Montazeri’s edict wherein he states he is worried that by the continued oppression, the government will sully the name of Islam.

Update I: Looks like I’m onto something.  (h/t Sullivan):

Older people compared the demonstration of today with the Ashura Demonstration of 1979 which marks the downfall of the Shah regime and even said that it outnumbered that event.